Erdal KAYNAR is a 19th-century historian specializing in the Ottoman Empire. He is a postdoctoral researcher at the Centre d’études turques, ottomanes, balkaniques et centrasiatiques (CETOBAC, UMR 8032) and at the Institut français d’études anatoliennes (IFEA, Istanbul). After studying history and sociology in Berlin at the Technical University (TU) and the Free University (FU), he obtained a master’s degree at Paris VIII in 2004, a DEA at EHESS in 2005, and obtained a doctorate at the same institution in 2012. His work focuses on the Young Turk movement, political economy in the Ottoman Empire and issues related to the process of Westernization, as well as on various processes in the intellectual, political and cultural history of the Third Republic and Paris, emphasizing their transnational character in order to achieve a global understanding of modernity in the 19th century.